Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Internet Use in Real Estate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

profit Use in Real Estate - Essay ExampleUsing internet in strong terra firma marketing for the years industry analyst had predicted a growth in internet uses and primitive changes in the real country services, though the number of the internet users continue to grow, changes in the real estate services lead not been that fundamental.The increase in the use of internet, specifically the World Wide clear (www) in the past ten years or so has been exceptional and has impacted almost every(prenominal) sector in developed nations. Among the most significant aspect in individuals lives, is their ho victimisation condition. In numerous western countries this is normally a residential property which is owned by the person occupying it. Thus owner-occupiers conduct a high interest in the way residential markets operate. Which the trend in the market changing and many real estate firms adopting internet as a marketing tool, for selling, advertising and listing, this paper impart se ek to find out how the use of world wide web and e-commence has impacted the real estate industry and how a company can adopt the use of internet in its operations (Baen and Guttery, 1997)To portion out this subject, the study paper will carry on, along the following field internet will have to be defined for reasons of theoretical clarity e-commerce, definition and essentials, and functions will be underscored reasons for real estate using e-commerce will be discuses, and how to create an effective website for real estate companies will be discussed at length and lastly a way forward in terms of a conclusion will be providedHow the characteristics of e-commerce make it a new force in business operationsWhat is e-commerceE-commerce is the trade of services and products by means of computer networks or the internet. Chan, Lee, & Dillon, (2001) defines e-commerce as selling and buying of goods or services using electronic media it follows the basic principles of traditional commerce but in this case, buyers and sellers swap commodities through the internet for money. In e-commerce sellers and consumers of products finish business over networked computerized processes. This has offered maximum convenience to buyers and sellers alike. (Kroll, 2000) Buyers in this form of business get the opportunity to equate prices, quality and other factors before deciding to undertake the transaction. The buyer gets advantages of saving on physical place costs and he/she can a product even from far place on a click of the mouse. Importance of e-commerce as a strategic component of real estates businessE-commerce serves as a vital strategic tool for companies. When e-commerce is well used in real estate compa

Monday, April 29, 2019

Exam Topics (Operations Management) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Exam Topics (Operations Management) - Essay ExampleOperations is one of the close to important and primary functions in any sort of firm or trade. While marketing induces the demands for products and pay provides the capital, operations produces and delivers the product (goods and services). (Hall, Johnson, & Pyke, 2005).By discussing these five questions, we can come to a clearer and to a greater extent knowledgeable tie-up on the subject matter. The aim of this paper is to discuss all of this, while also examining the other anchor elements which fit within this profile of subject matter. This is what will be dissertated in the following.Inefficiency drains valuable components such as money, time, quality, and talent. There is no chance in optimizing or making more positive any of the travel involved in the process if the process itself is deemed as inefficient. Incidentally, process optimization is a continuous phenomena. It is not like you can do it once and forget about it. External conditions keep changing, other conditional processes keep changing, and so on. (TopSigma, 2005).The nature of inefficient processes instruction is to make sure that these valuable components (money, time, etc.) are not wasted, but rather are used to the fullest extent possible the ideal is to have all members work at their absolute top strength, which creates a cycle of efficiency, which in the end creates a positive result.What is the office of Operations ManagementThe role of operations varies from business to business, but the basics always remain the operations management looks at every process in the business, breaks it down, analyzes it, and makes it better. Their goal is to have overall customer satisfaction, and to continue the business in a positive, efficient, and effective way. Operations management revolves around the design, organization, leadership and control of the productive assets of the enterprise, including bulk and technology. (Merrett, n.d.). Re gardless of the size or type of business, there are always processes and operations issues that must be dealt with. Operations managers find the inefficiencies or problems in the work flow of the business, and re-engineer these processes in order for them to be more efficient and profitable for the company.Operations management involves all of the tools and processes of the business, including components such as the supply chain, product quality, manufacturing, sales and marketing, safety and health, and environmental concerns. Operations managers use tools like performance measurement, flowcharts, top hat practices information, and benchmarking to determine where the problems are and the best methods to correct them. (Obringer, 2006). Some of the processes that are linked to the operations ma

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Social Responsibility and Business Ethics Assignment

genial Responsibility and Business Ethics - Assignment ExampleBeing the owner of a manufacturing company which is complex in the business of producing goods and selling it in the market, the primary goal or objective of the company is to take a shit profits out of the products sold. However, social duty and business ethics are two vital tasks which surrender to be undergone by the company to create a perfect end between the profit making motive and being a good corporate citizen. Critical analysis of these two aspects has been discussed in this study.CSR kindle be defined as the means operating a business by an organization which meets or even exceeds the legal, ethical, public and commercial expectations which the society has from the organization. According to the requirements of CSR, every company is needed to have whatsoever obligations towards its society and environment at large (Kotler, & Lee, 2008, p.3).CSR serves several purposes. It helps to ensure that the business processes are conducted by the organizations in an ethical way in accordance with the interests of the community. It helps in responding in a positive way towards the emerging priorities in the society. It serves for the purpose of developing willingness amongst the organizations to act beyond the regulatory confrontation. It also helps in maintaining a balance between interests of the shareholders of the company and the wider community. CSR helps in the development of the corporate organizations into good corporate citizens in the society.Social state of the corporate organizations can be considered to have four dimensions. One is the economic perspective which is the responsibility of the organizations to draw in profits and generate wealth for the owners of the company. Legal is another aspect of CSR which implies that all the business organizations have the responsibility to act in accordance with the existing laws and are to comply with those laws.

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Estimation of gravitational acceleration due to pendulim Assignment

Estimation of gravitational acceleration ascribable to pendulim - Assignment ExampleThe use of a simple pendulum experiment in the study of motion helps to win valuable insights into the acceleration of objects due to the gravitational force. In this experiment, a mass is set to swing to descend the number of oscillations in a particular point. Such an oscillatory motion is referred to as simple agreeable motion (JHA & JHA, 2009 pg. 275). This experiment was conducted to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between various parameters in an oscillatory system. As such, the main objective of this experiment is to estimate the apprize of gravitational force acting on the pendulum and equation this value with the widely accepted value of 9.81m/s2, mathematically.The period is the time a simple pendulum takes to complete a single oscillation. This physical quantity does not depend on the mass and the amplitude of the swing. However, it is dependent on factors such as th e pendulums length and the acceleration due to the gravitation. A shorter pendulum has a shorter period than a longer pendulum (Matthews 2005, p.133). In small swings (swings with small angles), the period, T, of a pendulum with a certain length, L, is given bythither exists only one true value of the period of a swinging pendulum no matter the bar method and how precise the instrumentation used can be applied. As such, a measurement of the period is a true value approximation and gives either the true value or a value close to the true value. From the above, acceleration due to gravitational force can be determined by making g the subject of the formula, that is, g = 42L / T2.The apparatus used in the experiment include the pendulum bob, string, split cork, and timer. The thread of the pendulum was placed between two halves of a split cork and clamped to a hard support. Additionally, the length of the thread was set at a

Friday, April 26, 2019

Persuasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Persuasion - Essay Exampley inwardness a change in how you think about something, but also how you behave (Principles of Persuasion, 2009) The persuader essential be a role model and should be able to show the practical ways mentation rather than delivering lectures about it. Persuasion has many dimensions and characteristics. Self persuasion and persuasion of others are cardinal varied aspects of persuasion. The techniques used to persuade others may non be successful for self persuasion.An issue usually has two locations. To put it another way Usually theres another side to any story. Recognizing this principle will engender some modesty to the persuaders attitude. He will realize that there are more gray areas in the world than purely white or black (Principles of Persuasion, 2009). Usually, while I was studying, I have not thought much about the other sides of my studies. In other words, I never approached my studies in a critical manner. Whatever the written points abou t a particular topic have been learned in a straight forwards manner. except after realising the persuasion principle mentioned above, I have changed my immaculate attitudes towards my studies and course works. I have realized that normally the knowledge sources provide only one side (White) of the facts and in order to complete our knowledge we need to find out the other side (Black) of the fact and also the one in between these two sides of the facts (Gray). For example, we all know that terrorism is a unspoilt issue, current world is facing. Most of the articles and the news papers will give us volumes of literatures about the darker sides of terrorism. But only limited people explore the brighter sides of terrorism. America is currently using the war against terrorism for capital punishment their secret mission in Afghanistan and Iraq. Many people believe that the current war against terrorism is aimed at exploiting the oil, natural resources and fresh water resources of the se countries. The gray side of terrorism is the reasons behind

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 70

Art - Essay Example excessively prominent in the film is the incorporation of technology in the work of art. As opposed to separate peoples negative views on the use of technology such as optic devices in displaying or creating voices of art, it is better to perceive it as an aspect of creativity rather than a cheating ordeal. establish on these contentious issues, the reflective essay aims to depict a personal position on Tims work in the context to his 17th century predecessor in the region of artwork, Johannes Vermeer.Judging from Jims work and stamina, passion, and creativity is what makes up an artisan. The three individual dispositions prove to be instrumental in specify an artist. Tim employed everything he could in a bid to show that the work of his counterpart was made victimization optical devices. His passion and determination led to his discovery of his path in art. Profound and entertaining in equal proportion, Tims poses intriguing questions that inspires the reade r and engage other artists. Therefore, he qualifies again as an artist due to his significant contribution to creating a wave of the influence of other artists into believing in his uncommon creations.The contemporary contradictory opinions perceive art, created with the help of technology as being weak in terms of originality and attraction. Many people tend to regard the act of incorporating technology in undertaking a piece of artwork as taking some short cut. An artist who embraces technology is also considered as slight creative. Contrary to the popular opinion, it is imperative to consider the use of technology as a unique strain of art. Instead, people should not be quick to criticize but should open their minds to fresh techniques in the field of art. The question as to whether Johannes Vermeer used the optical devices or not should not be the focal smear of discrediting or appreciating his work but should be an inspiring adventure to learn more techniques.Tims

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Customer satisfaction of fast food services in kuwait a survy study Essay - 1

Customer satisfaction of fast food services in kuwait a survy study - Essay ExampleThrough the collaboration of Japanese scientists, engineers, governmental officials, and policy makers, along with the work of Deming and Juran, the Japanese developed a wariness philosophy that later entitled Total Quality attention (TQM) (Walton 1986 Powel 1995). In fact, the concept of quality has evolved from basic manufacturing and engineering-related activities to a philosophy that encompasses all organizational activities and processes. What today is outlined as TQM has its origin in the ideas of quality gurus (Deming, Juran, Crosby, Feigenbaum, Ishikawa) whose primary goals were customer satisfaction and continuous improvement.Despite the bit of articles and studies, TQM is an ambiguous concept (Dean & Bowen 1994). The differences between the various frameworks proposed by quality experts and scholars have contributed to the ambiguity of TQM description, concepts, and constructs. Differenc es are payable to the fact that different people have different understanding of the term quality, and, in that regard, the way they particularize quality may result in different constructs and models for TQM.This chapter presents a review of the total quality management and customer satisfaction literature. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a clear picture of total quality management, its components, and definition as well as overall customer satisfaction. The concept of TQM is explored within a global setting and then expounded upon by offering operational definition as well as dealing with the fount within the context of customer satisfaction in the fast food industry.The concept of TQM has the same vagueness as the definition of quality. As Reed et al. (1996) indicated, there is no consensus on the definition for TQM. TQM definitions vary based on the approach taken towards quality. Flynn et al. (1994) defined TQM asAn integrated approach to achieving and sustaining high quality output, focusing on the maintenance and

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Accounting graded unit 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Accounting graded unit 2 - Coursework ExampleThe goals can be significantly categorised as planning, development and evaluation. The planning process is very crucial and should be devoted run amount of time. The expected time frame for the planning process is approximately two weeks. The development horizontal surface require gathering of various primary development as well as secondary information for careful assessment and budget planning. A time period of three weeks can be considered thereof. paygrade process can be conducted within a span of 10 days.The key factors are metre of the final product the wholesaler is willing to stock, direct and indirect material required for production, manpower for operable activities and hours required for determination of total follow.Additional requirement of resources such as manpower and method of be require more research and attention. It was determined that the company has implemented traditional as well as activity based costing f or budgeting for its products. Since the new product is going for production for the first time, appropriate cost method requires significant consideration. The company is planning to make some additional investment in CNC shape and should research whether the investment is worthy.There are two research methods that can be implemented in research process, namely, primary research and secondary research. Primary research indicates towards first hand obtained data plot secondary research is pursued by evaluating various readily available data such as company database, journals, books and other sources. The case study is a prominent secondary source in this melodic theme and the other secondary sources that will be used in this regard are books and journals.The report is a multifaceted project and requires evaluation of several minor and major aspects underlying the situation. Costing

Religion is the Cause of War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Religion is the guinea pig of War - Essay ExampleThey whitethorn have heard the news about religious wars and conflicts, and they themselves may have come to believe that worship is the reason behind civil war conflicts and even internationally known incidents like the 911 terror attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. Nevertheless, they may non exactly know why this is so or what exactly is going on in the minds of religious terrorists or those people who wage war and conflict in the name of holiness or God. The theme is therefore intended for them in browse to enlighten them and strengthen their belief in the motif that faith is indeed a significant and primary cause of war. The reasons in order to establish this thesis be to be presented as ideas of individual experts on the topic. The expected response is a greater aw areness of the idea and development of a mind which is independent of religious influence. The less religion can get into iodines psyche, the less chan ces it go away encourage one(a) towards conflict. The point that the presentation is aiming at is that sociologically and psychologically, religion is a major cause of war. According to Jonathan Fox (2004), who is a lecturer of political studies in Bar-Ilan University in Maryland, and who was Ph.D. in Government and Politics, which he received from the University of Maryland, religion causes war because it is modernity that has triggered its billet. Although umteen theorists thought that religion would disappear or would somehow dissolve into something insignificant because of the advent of modernization, religion has somehow even accomplish a stronger role in society to a greater extent than ever. There are various reasons and evidence presented by Fox in order to establish his point. First, efforts at modernization have actually failed in many countries of the Third World where modernization was introduced. The western secular ideologies introduced by modernization have actual ly caused a backlash in these areas of the world. The reason for this is the strong religious culture of the Third World, which is mostly tribal in nature and mostly highly specific among natives, which means that they may not include an extremely handsome community of believers like Christians. Actually, tribal groups like those of African tribes and even some cults have members who are more loyal to their groups than those belonging to large religions like Christianity and Islam. This is something that proponents of modernization failed to see. Modernization has actually therefore failed to anticipate the role of traditional lifestyles, morals and community values. These things actually strengthen the community and religious spirit of the people who are members of these religious tribal groups. That is why the more these groups are threatened by modernization, the more religious they will tend to be and the more hazardous or defensive they may become in order to defend their ide ntity. This means that anything that condemns or threatens the stability of these small religions is actually conflict. The more these religions are threatened, the more violent the members become and the more they tend to cause conflict and war. One last point that Fox (2004) emphasizes is that the new freedom that democracy has afforded the common individual when it comes to choosing his religion has actually made people increase in their religiosity. This means that people who have freely chosen their systems of faith actually have a greater reason for defending their religion for defending it means defending their choice, as choice often reflects one

Monday, April 22, 2019

Conversation analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Conversation analysis - Assignment Example string (16A) is an expressive. A apologizes for not being in a position to purpose the order, and gives an explanation. Thus, he performs a face-threatening act. Moves railway system (6A) directs an effective move. B is compelled to doing out the price immediately, the way it is stated. However, an interception sequence follows unexpectedly. Adjacency pairs Line (4B) is a question but it is not followed by an answer till the end. The question in string (6A) is answered in line (9B). The tag question in line (10A) is immediately followed by an affirmative in (11B). other tag question in line (13A) is followed by an answer in line (14B). (11A) is an apology followed by minimizing through the word Okay, by the market keeper and rounding off the parley. Politeness Principle The conversation begins with a note of politeness on the part of the customer in line (1A) B offers to work out the price in line (7B) and A thanks him for it in line (8A). Both get under ones skin followed the politeness principle. Very politely, A apologizes and expresses his regret for not being in a position to place the order immediately. His polite refusal sorry in line (16A) is accepted with equal politeness by the shopkeeper with the single, simple word okay in line (17B). ... Maxims of relevance and quality are observed by both speakers. The situation made the customer rather hesitant, and he used some ers, eh and uhm during the discourse, incisively enough to get time to think (fillers) yet he maintained the continuous flow. Pauses There is a long pause in line (8A), about 10 seconds. This is a planned pause to waive the shopkeeper enough time to work out the price. Another small pause in line (12A) is filler, where the customer is indecisive and gives himself time to think before he makes a commitment. Slight pauses and repetitions and fillers are quality in the lines of the customer, (lines 5A, 6A, 12A, 15A and 16A ) which reveal that he was not prepared for the price, and is compelled to cancel his original intention of placing the order. Turn pickings The initial part of the discourse proceeds smoothly, the speakers signaling end of speech and taking turns alternatively at appropriate places. After the revelation of the price however, the customer fails to make an apt signal, and the shopkeeper is too diligent in his response (line 11B). Here is an overlap but the shopkeeper quickly adjusts to it in line (14B). once again, taking his turn at the right place. Conclusion On the whole, this is a very trite, compact and plan conversation, where both participants stick to the point, and make it a

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Airport Planning and Expansion Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Airport cookery and Expansion - Case Study ExampleIn this study, I intend to focus the analysis on the overall facility by reviewing the constraints within which the airdrome works and at the end offer recommendations on a probable development scheme so as to augment on the capacity in reference to flight and travellers accommodation.The Changi Airport found in Singapore has grown to rise to be a major aviation hub in Asian region. Its importance is particularly crucial to the southeast part of Asia. Occupying change, the airdrome rests on a thirteen square kilometres land, and about 17 kilometres to the north-east of the commercial hub. This is a army and public airport that is owned by the government of Singapore.The Changi Airport opened in 1981 is at an nurture of 22ft or 7meters above sea level and serves the Singapore Government and is run by the Changi Airport Group. It is considered as a landmark achievement for the country of Singapore. The company has won a plethora of awards totalling to about 280 in a span of 20 years, that is from 1987- 2007, for providing excellent service that is considered as a benchmark in the melody industry. The year 2007 alone saw the company earn 19 awards in the best airport category. The airport has made measures to address the age issue by offering periodic physical upgrades to the already in place terminals, building fresh facilities and taking actions towards the development of high level customer services.The Changi Airport is pedestal to the Singapore Airlines, Tiger Airways, Valuair, Jett8 Airlines Cargo, Singapore Airlines Cargo, Jetstar Asia Airways, and SilkAir, and the main stopping stopover for Qantas which uses it as the main stop point en route kangaroo - a route that connects Australia and

Saturday, April 20, 2019

How effectiveley does great expectations the techniques from chapter Essay - 1

How effectiveley does colossal expectations the techniques from chapter one and two of understanding Film by Giannetti - Essay ExampleAccording to Giannetti, artistry thunder mug never be gauged by the subject matter alone. In this movie as well, it is the manner in which different scenes stool been presented to the viewer is what helps to strike a chord in his subconscious mind. The main reputation of this movie is the journey of the sprightliness of the protagonist however this subject alone does not contribute to the masterpiece, quite the manner in which each scene has been shown is what leads to it. For example, after Apu gets married to Aparna and returns to the city of Calcutta with her, there can be a change seen in Apus bedroom. The manner in which the two speak to each another(prenominal) is enough to show the viewer the level of intimacy that they share. From the first chapter related to photography, a number of techniques take been applied in the film for example, in the scene where Apu is seen grieving over the death of his wife he reads the letter from him again as the focus of the camera takes a close up of his face. This helps to concentrate exclusively on his character and show the viewer the kind of pain he was going through. The little facts wish well the camera then moving to his shaving mirror help to show that he is not raise in his daily activities due to the trauma that has been inflicted on him. He states that The aesthetic qualities of photographyare to be sought in its power... this indicates that the beauty of a shot lies in the way the scene has been captured on camera.Giannetti states that mise en scene is an compendium of everything that can be viewed in the film. A number of scenes in the movie have been portrayed as a collision to each other for example, a scene from Apus life which contains a great amount of emotion has been juxtaposed with another in order to form a visually creative and appealing design, as per Gia nnetti. According to him, a mise en scene analysis of any shot should contain fifteen

Friday, April 19, 2019

Finance Problems Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

pay Problems - Speech or Presentation ExampleIn order for the company to have the credit stand comfortably within the A range, the target range to be chosen should be at the overthrow end of the ranges, or the hurrying bounds of the lower military rating as its lower limit, and the upper limit of the A rating for the upper limit. Thus, for the fixed charge, the company must choose 3.40x 4.30x the lower limit is the upper limit for the Baa rating. For the funds from operations/total debt, the range should be 55-65 55 being the upper limit for Baa. For the long-term debt/capitalization, the range should be 22-30 the 30% being the lower limit for the Baa rating, rating below the A rating.One of the factors to be included in the decision include the companys research and tuition spending, which as mentioned in the question can be assumed as capitalized and part of the intangible addition of the company. Because this is an intangible, other investors may not buy into it as a secur ity in terms of providing high amounts of loans to the company, compared to its competitors. While it has higher than average spending for R&D, this is not a tangible cost that could punt up any claims for insolvency, which is also a concern to the investors. Also, the companys ability to use other tax ascribe is another consideration for settling with the target ranges, because these has effect on the three key figures for the company to characterise for a certain credit rating.Because R&D is capitalized, the additional tax credits by change magnitude the leverage may not be so significant to the company when R&D is capitalized into intangibles. Because it invests in higher than average R&D, and has higher foreign credits, if these are not affected by change magnitude the financial leverage of the company, it does not give huge benefit to the company in the process.II. (18-A10 Dividend adjustment model) regional Software has made a bundle selling spreadsheet software and has begun paying cash

Thursday, April 18, 2019

3.3 Financial Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3.3 Financial outline - Assignment physical exertionould likely result in liabilities hence previous trends and records of the organization can be used to prize the profitability of an organization as an investment prospect (Ou & Penman 2009, pp.295329). To understand the significance of the financial eudaimonia of an organization, this paper will conduct a financial analysis of Chateau hotel redoubtable as an investment opportunity for the Smithsons.The core objective of investing in a business is to get a return for the monetary value invested. Inferring to the statement of the financial impersonate of the hotel basing on the analysis of two years (year stop December 30 2013 and 2014), the hotel made an improvement in the value of the total assets from 3,263, 000 to 3,881, 000. Additionally, the companion made an improvement in the beauteousness shares from 800 shares to 1000 shares with each of the share selling at 100. However, the company has an outstanding long-term lo ans and current liabilities with inclusion body of the bank overdraft, payable dividend, taxation owing deposit by customers and payable-trade creditors cumulatively summing to 3,263, 000 for the financial year ended 2013 and 3,881, 000 for the financial year ended 2014. This implies that a liquidation of the assets of the company would be sufficient to settle the liabilities of the company without outstanding profit.However, inferring to the income statement of the company, it is evident that the rental income of the hotel had declined from 505, 000 in the year 2013 to 448, 000 in the year ended 2014. Analysis of the financial figures of the hotel indicates that the hotel is currently running at diminishing returns, which makes the chances for solvency and the resale of the company to be difficult. Equally, owing to the declining financial position of Chateau hotel redoubtable, the hotel is not profitable thus investment in the hotel would demand a change in the schema in the man ner with which it is operated to realize profit.

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Continuation of 3003 3b Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Continuation of 3003 3b - Essay ExampleThe song is a dramatic monologue written in 1842. In the poem only of one place of an ongoing conversation is heard. Although the speaker is unnamed, he is an Italian Duke of Ferrara while the listener is a messenger. The messenger comes from a Wealthy Count. He brings a marriage offer to the Duke with the Counts daughter. From the poem, the crucial aspect is the revelation of the Dukes character in the way he says what he has to and how he says it. In the monologue, the readers focus is on solely on the speaker who unsparingly brags about his wealth. Further, the Duke steadily relates the disposal of his antecedent wife with offense to his vanity. In his bragging, the Duke fails to mention his last wife by name and only signifies her as mere possession like any other he had. In addition, the term Last could see been used to signify previous or the most recent in a lengthy border of other previous wives. Irony arises from the fact that the Count messengers visit, intends to arrange for marriage luck for the Counts daughter. From the portrait, the Duchess is revealed as having a very innocent personality. It is because of her beauty that the Duke develops negative emotions of jealousy and impassiveness and ends up killing her. He justifies his actions with the madness that he could not love without possessing especially since her looks went everywhere. through his motivation to destroy the Duchess identity, the Duke ends up literary killing her, but leaves behind her portrait, which he shows off to his guests.The light story is an almost exclusive dialogue that portrays a serious discussion in a stain involving the decision-making affecting the lifetime of a young female (Paul, 2005). In the story, Hemingway provides the role of an eavesdropper to the audience regarding the conversation in the midst of the couple.

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Disproportionate Representation of African American Students in Special Education Essay Example for Free

Dis isotropyate Representation of African American Students in particular(prenominal) Education canvassAbstract In 2011 on that point is still disproportional representation of African American Students in picky commandment classes. This can be defined as conflict in the command environment because, judicature legislation mandates that No child be left behind, yet African American students, males in particular, ar disproportionately being just that, left behind. The purpose of this study is to plow disproportionate representation. What it means and who it affects roughly will be identified.Contri saveing factors such as socio sparing status and track down and ethnicity will too be discussed. Possible solutions in the rebound of equity and early intervention will be discussed as well. Lastly with these factors identified, it is the hope that feasible and probable solutions can be reached or at least recommended. fall all over of Literature For more than 40 age th e topic of Disproportionate representation has been addressed by scholars. The selective information collected has been qualitative and quantitative.According to Bollmer, Bethel, Garrison-Morgen, and Brauen The issue of disproportionate identification and placement of racial/ethnic minorities in particular(a) education has been check up ond extensively (Bollmer, Bethel, Garrison-Mogren, Brauen, 2007). They go on to circumstances that the risk ratio, which is used to compargon mavin racial/ethnic groups likelihood of receiving exceptional education and related services to all some other students is iodin of the most useful tools in this research (Bollmer, Bethel, Garrison-Mogren, Brauen, 2007).Sometimes referred to as disproportionality, disproportionate representation covers both over and underrepresentation. Overrepresentation happens when the component part of students from one group is larger than expected based on their metrical composition in the ecumenic populatio n. Underrepresentation is occurring when a specific group of students ar involved at a lower rate than their numbers in the general population. According to Beratan The disproportionate representation of nonage students in modified education is as clear of a racist out sustain as one can find.The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement take on of 2004 (IDEA) formally recognizes such disproportionate representation as a problem in special(prenominal) education (Beratan, 2008). He goes on to sh atomic number 18 the undermentioned thoughts and statistics A) Greater efforts atomic number 18 needed to prevent the intensification of problems connected with mislabeling and exalted dropout rank among minority children with disabilities. B) More minority children dwell to be served in special education than would be expected from the voice of minority students in the general teach population.C) Afro-American children are identified as having mental retardation and em otional disturbance at rates great than their White counterparts. D) In the 1998-1999 school year, African-American children represented just 14. 8 percent of the population aged 6 through 21, but comprised 20. 2 percent of all children with disabilities. E) Studies have strand that schools with predominately White students and teachers have placed disproportionately racy numbers of their minority students into special education (Beratan, 2008).Disproportionate representation not only speaks to the overrepresentation of African-American students labeled as learning disabled, but overly to the gross lack of African-American students being labeled apt. Bonner and Jennings share According to the literature, African American males have been disproportionately place in special education classrooms and underrepresented in gifted and talented programs (Fred A. Bonner I. M. , 2007). Bonner and Jennings go on to say that The story of the African American male in gifted and talented prog rams is one of widespread underrepresentation (Fred A. Bonner I. M. , 2007). Bonner and Jennings further share that lack of instructor referrals, substandard surgical process on standardized norm-referenced test scores and student and family choice dedicated to the underrepresentation of African American males in gifted programs (Fred A. Bonner I. M. , 2007).Theauthors continue to expound on this phenomenon by stating Due to the potential for underachievement among African American students in first, second, and tertiary grade, a time in which most identification processes for these programs are implemented, these students often go unidentified (Fred A. Bonner I. M. , 2007). Artiles and Bal note that African American males and Native American students appear to be the most affected groups at the discipline level (Artiles Bal, 2008).While disproportionate representation has touched all minority groups, African American males in particular have continually been identified as t he most over represented population in redundant education. Several factors are said to contribute to the disproportionate representation of minority students in Special Education. Yolanda Anyon shares Barton and Tomlinson (1981) argue that the identification of students with learning disabilities and subsequent placement in special education is a form of well-disposed control to minimize problem miens in mainstream classrooms.Other researchers have documented that teachers and principals refer children for special needs assessment who are causing the biggest problems in the classroom be it passivity, failure to learn significant or aggressiveness (Anyon, 2009). She further goes on to share in this way, special education primarily serves social control functions in schools as it legitimizes the removal of deviant students from regular classrooms (Anyon, 2009). socioeconomic status is said to amplify the likelihood that student will be placed in special education.It is also sai d that race and ethnicity of students can be a large variable that causes excessive amounts of students of color to be referred and placed in special education. Skiba and fellow scholars share Among the most longstanding and intransigent issues in the field, the disproportionate representation of minority students in special education programs has its roots in a long history of educational separationism and discrimination. Although national estimates of disproportionality have been consistent over time, state and local estimates may show varying patterns of disproportionality.A number of factors may contribute to disproportionality, including test bias, poverty, special education processes, inequity in general education, issues of behavior management, and cultural mismatch/cultural reproduction (Skiba, et al. , 2008). They further go on to say that special education was born out of, and owes a debt to the civil rights movement, alluding to the fact that both the inspiration for and the strategies used by those whose work resulted in the initial national special education legislation came from the civil rights movement (Skiba, et al., 2008).They also maintain that concerns nearly racial inequity were central to litigation that led to the promulgation of the first special education legislation (Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, IDEA) (Skiba, et al. , 2008). The scholars aptly point out the irony of racial disparity rates of special education service remaining one of the key indicators of inequity in our national educational sy groundwork (Skiba, et al. , 2008).An additional contributing factor that they share is A second factor that might contribute to a disproportionate rate of representation in special education among students of color are sociodemographic factors associated with economic discriminate (Skiba, et al. , 2008). Skiba, et al, give this insight into the role of poverty in disproportionate representationIn differentiate to directly as sess the contribution of poverty to the disproportionate representation of African American students in special education, Skiba et al.(2005) studied the relationship of special education enrollment, race, socioeconomic and demographic factors, and test score outcomes in a sample of 295 school districts in a Midwestern state.Across ordinary least squares and logistic reverse equations, poverty made a weak, inconsistent, and often counter-intuitive contribution to the prediction of disproportionality across a number of impairment categories (Skiba, et al. , 2008). While there are no definitive causes of the issue of disproportionate representation the above named ones come up in study after study which lends ample credence to them as real and perhaps surmountable issues.It might well be expected that the students whose educational opportunities are limited will be more likely to be referred for special education services (Skiba, et al. , 2008). Another point expressed by Skiba and fellow scholars is Of the possible links between general education practices and special education disproportionality, however, only the proportion of culturally consonant teachers in the teaching force has been directly investigaed.Serwatka, Derring and Grant (1995) found that as the percentage of African American teachers increased, overrepresentation of African American student in the emotionally distrubed category decreased. Similarly, in a cross-state comparison, Ladner and Hammons (2001) found that the discrepancy of African American and white rates of eligibility for special education rose in direct proportion to the percentage of the teaching force that was White, especially in districts with a White percentage of more than 60% (Skiba, et al., 2008).Just as there are no definitive causes identified, there are not any fool proof solutions laid out for correcting the issue of disproportionate representation. There are varying thoughts some strategies such as the following If disproportionality in special education is multiply determined, no single intervention strategy can be universally relied on to reduce racial disparity. Rather, interlacing causality clearly suggests the need for comprehensive and multifaceted assessment and intervention plans.In particular, the possibility that the determinants of disproportionality are locale-specific suggests that remediation plans must be driven by local needs assessment capable of identifying laughable local patterns (Skiba, et al. , 2008). Early intervention approaches are said to possibly reduce disparities to the level that economic disadvantage is at work (Skiba, et al. , 2008). Early intervention would not be expected to address systemic failures or bias and would hence fail to address disproportionality that is overdue to institutional inequity (Skiba, et al. , 2008). Researchers are beginning to step at the problem of disproportionate representation within the arena of equity studies (Artiles Bal, 2008). According to the authors researchers, practitioners, and policy makers continue to debate this problem and critical questions remain unanswered (Artiles Bal, 2008). They go on to question the ability to, or lack thereof, explain how the phenomenon of disproportionate representation consistently remains in hold upence. Artiles and Bal have raised the following questions How have researchers approached the study of this problem, and what are some key gaps in this knowledge base?Does the problem exist in the United States only (Artiles Bal, 2008)? These scholars have chosen to conduct research on the problem of disproportionate representation as related to equity concerns in educational systems responses to difference (Artiles Bal, 2008). Artiles and Bal share the following about equity in the United States educational system Educational equity in the United States has aimed historically to enhance access and participation for students considered different.For instance, pro grams were created to address the educational needs of students who have different ability levels or whose proficiency in English is limited (i. e. , special education and bilingual education, respectively) (Artiles Bal, 2008). They further go on to share that special education in the United States was created as an answer to some of the issues of difference The world of special education was a landmark achievement in the attention of students considered different on the reason of ability.Special education legislation entitled these students to free and appropriate public education, individualized educational programs, due process, and education in the least restrictive environment. Interestingly, an increasingly louder debate has emerged in the past 40 years in the United States about the disproportionate representation of ethnic minority and poor students in special education (Artiles Bal, 2008). Laws that require states report placement entropy as it pertains to socioeconomi c and racial lines to stay up on(predicate) of the problem of disproportionality have been imposed.States and school districts that find themselves faced with the issue of disproportionate representation are unavoidable to take remedial actions to address it (Artiles Bal, 2008). If equity is the solution and special education was designed to level the compete field, why so the issue of disproportionality? This same question is posed by Artiles and Bal, But why then is placement in programs that purportedly address equity issues for students with different ability levels considered a problem when it involves other groups of different students, namely, ethnic minorities and poor students (Artiles Bal, 2008). While that is a very rational and valid line of questioning, it is further too complicated to answer without factoring in the historical issues that plagued African American students long forward special education legislation was implemented. Conclusions Disproportionate r epresentation of African Americans in special education is not a new phenomenon. It has been studied and researched for well over 40 years. Whether it is referred to as disproportionality or disproportionate representation, the voice communication covers both over and under representation within a group.While most of the research addresses overrepresentation, there is some out there that speaks to the underrepresentation of African Americans in gifted programs, more specifically African American males. There are no concrete reasons for this phenomenon, but several different factors have been considered contributing factors. Socioeconomic status and race and ethnicity are often the most discussed contributing factors. Special education having roots that stem back to civil rights legislation lends a great amount of credence to the belief that those two factors are probably the leading cause of disproportionate representation.The research shared a very specific burster of how racism plays a very real part in disproportionate representation. Examples to that end were that studies have found that schools with predominately White students and teachers have placed disproportionately high numbers of their minority students into special education and African-American children are identified as having mental retardation and emotional disturbance at rates greater than their White counterparts.In regards to equity Skiba and fellow scholars give this advice to educators in regards to making effective interventions Thus, educators and policy makers desire effective interventions to close special education equity gaps must be willing to openly discuss and address issues of race, ethnicity, gender, class, culture, and language.Moreover, processes chosen to address inequity must have at their core a machine to ensure that the perspectives of all stakeholders, especially those of historically marginalized groups who have been the recipients of unequal treatment, are represe nted when interpreting data on racial and ethnic disparities (Skiba, et al. , 2008). As educators we must take heed to the information shared about disproportionality. Though this information is not new, it must continue to be shared as if it was.While this resarch was specifically about African Americans, other minorities are affected by disproportionate representation. I will be more cognizant of how I determine whether or not to suggest a student be tested for special education services. It is so easy to refer them, before taking the time to investigate the reasons behind the undesireable behavior. Works Cited Anyon, Y. (2009). Social Theories of Learning Disabilities Understanding Racial Disproportionality in Special Education.Journal of homophile Behavior in the Social Environment, 44-57. Artiles, A. J. , Bal, A. (2008). The Next Generation of Disproportionality Research Toward a Comparative Model in the Study of Equity in Ability Differences. The Journal of Special Education , 4-14. Beratan, G. D. (2008). The song remains the same turnaround and the disproportionate representation of minority students in special education. Race, ethnicality and Education, 337-354.Bollmer, J. , Bethel, J. , Garrison-Mogren, R. , Brauen, M.(2007). Using the Risk Ratio to Asess Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality in Special Education at the School-District Level. The Journal of Special Education, 186-198. Fred A. Bonner, I. M. (2007). Never Too Young to terzetto Gifted African American Males in Elementary School. Gifted Child Today, 31-35. Skiba, R. J. , Simmons, A. B. , Ritter, S. , Gibb, A. C. , Rausch, M. K. , Cuadrado, J. , et al. (2008). Achieving Equity in Special Education History, Status, and Current Challenges. Exceptional Children, 264-288.